Learning English in your spare time is really helping you, but what happens when you need to use it at work? We’ve been studying for ages and yet do not speak fluently. Time to speak more English if we want to speak better English.

Here are some easy ways to practice your English at work:

Try to use English at work every day: you can start slowly but steadily, do something in English as part of your work, send a mail, make a phone call, book an appointment, etc. Start with easy tasks and increase difficulty gradually. Have some of your colleagues help you when preparing and/or to check your message.

Interact on social networks in English, especially in professional ones, where you get to practice vocabulary related to your field. Interacting means to get actively involved, not just read and share, so follow specialised/professional blogs, news, media and write comments, participate in groups, report news, express your point of view, etc.

Do you have a foreign co-worker? Make friends with him/her. Take advantage and try to have casual conversations first, before moving into more professional ones.

Or just do it the other way around, some people feel more confident when they know the subject they are talking about. Do whatever feels right for you.

You don’t have a multicultural work environment where you get the chance to practice your English skills? Create one!! agree on a day/time and try to get your team involved in communicating in English for that time span. Or do a regular progress meeting in English, to get used to speaking it in a “safe” environment at the work place. Certainly, you don’t want to start on it with that very important meeting at the client, but you’ll be better prepared and more confident if you’ve already had some practice.

Probably some days you just won’t feel like it, or you’ll have too much workload to focus on English but keep it mind and create a habit. The most important thing is that it becomes a regular practice and not something that feels awkward.

Easy, peasy!

Repasamos cuándo usar much y many en inglés para hablar de cantidad y en expresiones como how much/how many, too much/too many. Porque aunque usamos estas palabras muy a menudo, no siempre lo tenemos claro.

A la hora de usar much y many para hablar de cantidad, es importante tener claro qué son los sustantivos contables e incontables porque es el elemento que nos va a ayudar a decidir cuándo usar uno u otro. A rasgos muy generales y como su nombre indica los sustantivos contables son aquellos que podemos contar (por unidades) y tienen una forma en plural y los incontables son aquellos que no podemos contar de manera individual y no suelen tener una forma en plural (por ejemplo: money, time, sugar, water…). Esto es algo así muy general, sin entrar en muchos detalles, pero simplemente para que lo tengas en cuenta.

MUCH

usamos much + uncountable nouns, es decir, con sustantivos incontables.

A menudo usamos not much en frases con significado negativo, no es frecuente usar much en frases afirmativas.

e.g.
We don’t have much time.
I don’t drink much coffee.
There isn’t much to do here.

MANY

usamos many + plural countable nouns, es decir, con sustantivos contables en plural.

Podemos usar many en frases afirmativas y negativas, pero quizá es más común usar not many, al igual que sucede con not much.

e.g.
She doesn’t have many friends here.
There are (not) many shops in this street.
I didn’t buy many things.

Ya hemos visto brevemente la principal diferencia entre usar much y many y hemos comentado  que es común usarlas en frases negativas. Esto es así porque si queremos hablar de cantidad en frases afirmativas, es más frecuente usar la expresión a lot of.

A LOT OF

usamos a lot of  tanto con sustantivos contables como incontables, aquí no hay problema porque no es necesario diferenciarlos como sucede al usar much y many. Observa

e.g.
He drinks a lot of coffee.
We have a lot of friends in this city.
She has a lot of things to do at work.

Además de usar much y many con sustantivos también nos encontramos con how much y how many cuando queremos hacer preguntas. 

HOW MUCH / HOW MANY

usamos how much por una parte para preguntar el precio de algo (¿cuánto cuesta?)

e.g.
How much is it?
How much is this bag?
How much are these shoes?

y por otra parte usamos how much para preguntar sobre la cantidad con sustantivos incontables

e.g.
How much time do we have?
How much coffee do you drink?
How much money did you spend?

usamos how many solo para preguntar sobre la cantidad, con sustantivos contables en plural

e.g.
How many people will come?
How many books did you buy?
How many countries have you visited?

Como ves, al usar how much y how many seguimos la misma pauta que al usar much y many, es decir, much con sustantivos incontables y many con sustantivos contables en plural.

Vamos a ver ahora el caso de too much y too many, también siguiendo la misma pauta.

TOO MUCH / TOO MANY

en este caso, el significado no varía si usamos uno u otro, si añadimos too, significa “demasiado” en el sentido de más de lo necesario. Lo que sí cambia es cuándo usar too much o too many. Al igual que en los casos anteriores la pauta es la misma, usamos too much con sustantivos incontables.

e.g.
We have too much work to do this week.
I have drunk too much coffee today.
There was too much food at the wedding.

usamos too many con sustantivos contables en plural.

e.g.
There were too many tourists in the city.
I have too many things in my head.
She asks too many questions.

Seguro que ahora te queda más claro cómo y cuando usar much y many, también en las expresiones how much/many y too much/many. Recuerda que much acompaña a sustantivos incontables y many a sustantivos contables y ya lo tienes!