¿Cuándo usar too y enough? Estas dos palabras nos confunden bastante, sobre todo por la posición en la que las tenemos que colocar en la frase. En este post veremos todas las posibilidades con muchos ejemplos para que tengas claro cuándo usar too y enough y cómo colocarlos.
Recordamos que el significado de «enough» es suficiente (o no lo suficiente, si lo usamos en una frase negativa). Cuando usamos «too» significa demasiado, más de lo necesario.
Comenzamos con too y las posibilidades que tenemos de combinarlo con adjetivos y adverbios, o también en la construcción too many / too much.
TOO + adjective / adverb
usamos too normalmente delante de un adjetivo o un adverbio
e.g.
The soup was too hot.
You speak too quickly.
The book was too difficult for me.
Their new house was too expensive.
TOO + adjective / adverb + to verb
podemos seguir la misma pauta y además añadir to + verbo. En este caso “to” es una preposición que indica propósito o finalidad, y no la forma en infinitivo del verbo.
e.g.
The soup was too hot to eat.
You are too young to drive.
The article was too hard to understand.
It’s too early to go to bed.
Too many / Too much + noun
usamos too many/much más un sustantivo. Recuerda que many va seguido de sustantivos contables, y much se usa con sustantivos incontables.
e.g.
There were too many people at the festival.
She already has too many shoes. She doesn’t need more.
This is too much work for just one person.
There was too much food. We didn’t eat everything.
Decíamos que a la hora de usar too y enough es importante tener claro el orden en que los colocamos. Vamos a ver a continuación cómo usamos enough en una frase. Enough significa “suficiente”, la cantidad necesaria de algo (o no lo bastante, si va en negativo)
Adjective / adverb + ENOUGH
una posibilidad es usar enough después de un adjetivo o un adverbio. Aquí también podemos añadir to + verbo al igual que hicimos con too.
e.g.
You aren’t old enough to drive.
The room is big enough for 12 people.
They are working fast enough to finish the task.
He can play well enough to win the competition.
ENOUGH + noun
por otro lado, colocamos enough delante de un sustantivo (da igual si es contable o incontable).
e.g.
We have enough time to finish today.
She doesn’t have enough money to buy a new car.
There aren’t enough chairs for all of us.
He has enough toys to play with.
Otra cosa que tenemos que tener en cuenta para saber cuándo usar too y enough es que al utilizar too, queremos decir que es demasiado y es una idea negativa. Es decir, si por ejemplo algo es “too expensive”, es más del dinero que puedes o te gustaría gastar. Cuidado con esto porque a veces cometemos el error de decir que algo was “too good” para decir que en realidad fue muy bueno (y realmente nos gusta, no hay sentido negativo). En este caso usaríamos mejor palabras como really o very. Observa
e.g.
The concert was really good (not “too good”)
Your friend is very funny (not “too funny”)
Seguro que a partir de ahora tendrás más claro cuándo usar too y enough y dónde colocarlos en un frase. Was it clear enough? or it was too much information… ????
Si te quedan dudas, déjanos un comentario y te ayudaremos encantados.
La diferencia entre to y for en inglés es algo que nos suele costar bastante, porque para nosotros es confuso saber cuándo “para” es con “to” y cuándo con “for” en inglés.
Este es el error más común que cometemos al usar to y for
We need to leave now for to arrive on time.
We need to leave now to arrive on time.
I’m saving money for to travel around the world.
I’m saving money to travel around the world.
These trainers are for to running.
These trainers are for running.
This money is for to buying a new car.
This money is for buying a new car.
Normalmente o bien usamos to o bien usamos for, usar los dos juntos no es correcto. Para saber cuál es diferencia entre to y for en inglés, lo más fácil es pensar por un momento si nos referimos a la finalidad o para qué sirve algo o si queremos indicar el motivo por el que hacemos algo.
For > finalidad – para qué sirve algo
Lo más normal en este caso, es que usemos for + sustantivo o bien for + verbo en gerundio (-ing). Vamos a ver unos ejemplos de uso para cada uno.
for + noun
Doing exercise is good for your health.
I bought a suit for my new job.
This book is for dummies.
That red sofa is for our living room.
for + verb -ing
These trainers are for running.
A ladle is a big spoon used for serving soup.
This money is for buying a new car.
Traveling is great for meeting new people.
Watching tv in English is good for improving your listening skills.
To > motivo, razón – por qué hacemos algo
Es bastante frecuente que la construcción sea to + verbo. De hecho, un buen truco para saber si efectivamente tiene más sentido con to, es probar añadiendo la expresión in order to. Aunque esta expresión se usa también para hablar de finalidad, es una buena forma de probar y ver si funciona. Otra manera es sustituir o añadir because (con algunos ajustes en la frase) que es la palabra que usamos para dar una razón. Observa los siguientes ejemplos
We need to leave now (in order) to arrive on time. (because we want to arrive on time)
I’m saving money (in order) to travel around the world. (because I want to travel)
She came here (in order) to see you. (because she wants to see you)
I go to the gym (in order) to keep fit. (because I want to keep fit)
Básicamente así sabremos cuál es la diferencia entre to y for en inglés, tendremos que distinguir si nos referimos a la finalidad (para qué) o al motivo (por qué). Hay otros usos de to y for pero quizá no sean tan confusos.
Otros usos de to & for
For
I made a cake for her.
This phone call is for you.
I bought this toy for my dog.
Can you open the door for me please?
I was waiting for her at the restaurant.
We’ve lived here for 5 years. (period of time)
I have worked with them for 2 years. (period of time)
Are you for or against renewable energy? (agree with)
I was in London for a conference. (reason)
Let’s go out for a drink. (reason)
To
They went to Paris last year. (destination)
She’s going to Cambridge with her class. (destination)
What is the next train to the city centre? (destination)
I prefer series to films. (comparing)
We prefer running to swimming. (comparing)
It’s ten to seven. (telling the time)
From here to the office I must walk 20 minutes. (distance)
There’s a parking lot next to our building. (place)
Pues ya tienes el truco para saber cuál es la diferencia entre to y for en inglés. A partir de ahora antes de decir for to + verbo piensa si es mejor usar uno o otro en la frase que estás construyendo.
Si te gustan nuestros posts de errores comunes te recomendamos también:
Errores comunes con preposiciones
Errores al utilizar usually y used to
Hey buddies, el post de hoy es una recopilación de errores comunes en inglés que cometemos a menudo, a veces porque cambiamos la preposición que toca, o porque nos equivocamos con una palabra o también porque traducimos literalmente. Ponte cómodo porque te detallamos nada más y nada menos que 30 common mistakes que no debes cometer más.
1 We say coworkers, work mates or colleagues, not partners para referirnos a nuestros compañeros de trabajo
My partners are really helpful.
My coworkers are really helpful.
2 We say at work, not in the job en expresiones como
I sometimes surf on the internet in the job.
I sometimes surf on the internet at work.
3 We say hire mejor que contract, cuando contratamos a un empleado
Things are going well, we will contract more employees.
Things are going well, we will hire more employees.
4 We say a business grows, not grows up para decir que el negocio crece
Our business is growing up and increasing sales.
Our business is growing and increasing sales.
Utilizamos grow up para referirnos a las personas cuando crecen / maduran
He’s now a grown up person.
Children grow up really fast.
5 We say I agree, not I am agree para mostrar nuestro acuerdo
I am agree with your idea.
I agree with your idea.
6 We say I think so / I don’t think so, not I think that yes / no para decir creo que sí / no
Would you come? I think that yes / no.
Would you come? I think so / I don’t think so.
7 We say I have no idea, not I don’t have an idea para decir no tengo ni idea
Is she here? I don’t have an idea.
Is she here? I have no idea.
8 We say leave me alone, not leave me in peace cuando queremos que nos dejen en paz
Please, leave me in peace, I’m busy now.
Please, leave me alone, I’m busy now.
9 We say from now on, not since now para decir de ahora en adelante
We will have new regulations since now.
We will have new regulations from now on.
10 We say so far, not until now para decir hasta ahora, hasta este momento
What have they done until now?
What have they done so far?
11 We say it depends on, not it depends of
I don’t know what I’m going to do tomorrow. It depends of the weather.
I don’t know what I’m going to do tomorrow. It depends on the weather.
12 We say related to, not related with
This is a problem related with the internet signal.
This is a problem related to the internet signal.
13 We say contact someone, not contact with someone
I’ll contact with her because I need more information.
I’ll contact her because I need more information.
14 We say trust someone, not trust in someone
I trust in my employees to do a good job when I’m not in the office.
I trust my employees to do a good job when I’m not in the office.
15 We say worry about, not worry for algo o alguien
Her mother worries for her a lot.
Her mother worries about her a lot.
16 We say think about / of, not think in. Si imaginamos algo, utilizamos think of / about, si estamos considerando algo utilizamos think about
I’m thinking in my future and deciding what I want to do.
I’m thinking about my future and deciding what I want to do.
17 We say similar to, not similar than
This app is very similar than another one.
This app is very similar to another one.
18 We say the same as, not the same than or the same to
He’s the same than his father. They have similar personalities.
He’s the same as his father. They have similar personalities.
19 We say in the world, not of the world para decir del mundo
Lionel Messi is one of the best soccer players of the world.
Lionel Messi is one of the best soccer players in the world.
20 We say arrive in/at a place, not arrive to a place
I arrived to work at 9 a.m.
I arrived at work at 9 a.m.
We use arrive in con lugares como ciudades (London, Paris, etc.).
We arrived in Paris last Friday.
We use arrive at al referirnos a un sitio en concreto (the bank, the restaurant, work, home, etc.).
They arrived at the restaurant 20 minutes late.
21 We say go home, not go to home
She decided to go to home after the theatre.
She decided to go home after the theatre.
22 We say parking lot, not parking para referirnos a un aparcamiento
The parking was full, so we parked on the street.
The parking lot was full, so we parked on the street.
23 We say on the bus / train / plane, not in the bus / plane / train
Sometimes I read when I’m in the bus.
Sometimes I read when I’m on the bus.
We say in with cars, vans, trucks, etc.
Let’s get on the car.
Let’s get in the car.
24 We say to miss, not to lose a bus / train / plane
You will lose the train if you don’t hurry up.
You will miss the train if you don’t hurry up.
25 We say waste time, not lose time para decir perder el tiempo
Sam loses a lot of time watching TV.
Sam wastes a lot of time watching TV.
26 We say spend time, not pass time para decir pasar tiempo con
On the weekend, she likes to pass time with her husband.
On the weekend, she likes to spend time with her husband.
27 We say to have (or to throw) a party, not to make or do a party
They are making a party next Saturday.
They are having / throwing a party next Saturday.
28 We say to have a drink, not to take a drink
Let’s take a drink after work.
Let’s have a drink after work.
29 We say to sunbathe, not to take the sun
She loves taking the sun on the beach.
She loves sunbathing on the beach.
30 We say to make mistakes, not to have errors or have mistakes.
My English is okay, but I have a lot of mistakes.
My English is okay, but I make a lot of mistakes.
No te preocupes si te identificas con algunos (o muchos) de ellos, son los errores más comunes que cometemos los hispano hablantes. Anota con los que más te equivocas para repasarlos, pero vuelve a esta lista siempre que lo necesites o tengas dudas.
PS: Si te atreves con más meteduras de pata typical Spanish, lee este post sobre false friends
