Hoy os traemos algunos trucos para decir y escribir correctamente la fecha en inglés.
Hay que tener en cuenta sobre todo:
-si es escrito o hablado
-si es inglés británico o americano
Te lo explicamos en un “plis”.
There are two ways of saying the date in English
British English
It’s written: day + month
E.g. 22nd November
But you say:
the twenty second of November
American English
It’s written: month + day
E.g. November, 22
But you say:
November the twenty second
Be careful with the day/month or month/day because in some cases it makes a big difference:
E.g.
American English 4/6/17 (month/day/year) > May 6, 2017
British English 6/4/17 (day/month/year) > 4th June 2017 Big difference!
Other things to keep in mind:
Days: we always use ordinal numbers for the spoken date in English (in British English you also write it but in American English you don’t)
1st-first
2nd-second
3rd-third
4th-fourth
5th-fifth
6th-sixth
7th-seventh
8th-eighth
9th-ninth
10th-tenth
etc…
Months: you always write months with a capital letter at the start
December-right
december-wrong
Years: when you speak about years, they are usually divided into two parts
2017 twenty-seventeen
1978 nineteen-seventy eight
*Except for: years between 2001-2010
E.g. 2005 – we say two thousand and five
La diferencia entre to y for en inglés es algo que nos suele costar bastante, porque para nosotros es confuso saber cuándo “para” es con “to” y cuándo con “for” en inglés.
Este es el error más común que cometemos al usar to y for
We need to leave now for to arrive on time.
We need to leave now to arrive on time.
I’m saving money for to travel around the world.
I’m saving money to travel around the world.
These trainers are for to running.
These trainers are for running.
This money is for to buying a new car.
This money is for buying a new car.
Normalmente o bien usamos to o bien usamos for, usar los dos juntos no es correcto. Para saber cuál es diferencia entre to y for en inglés, lo más fácil es pensar por un momento si nos referimos a la finalidad o para qué sirve algo o si queremos indicar el motivo por el que hacemos algo.
For > finalidad – para qué sirve algo
Lo más normal en este caso, es que usemos for + sustantivo o bien for + verbo en gerundio (-ing). Vamos a ver unos ejemplos de uso para cada uno.
for + noun
Doing exercise is good for your health.
I bought a suit for my new job.
This book is for dummies.
That red sofa is for our living room.
for + verb -ing
These trainers are for running.
A ladle is a big spoon used for serving soup.
This money is for buying a new car.
Traveling is great for meeting new people.
Watching tv in English is good for improving your listening skills.
To > motivo, razón – por qué hacemos algo
Es bastante frecuente que la construcción sea to + verbo. De hecho, un buen truco para saber si efectivamente tiene más sentido con to, es probar añadiendo la expresión in order to. Aunque esta expresión se usa también para hablar de finalidad, es una buena forma de probar y ver si funciona. Otra manera es sustituir o añadir because (con algunos ajustes en la frase) que es la palabra que usamos para dar una razón. Observa los siguientes ejemplos
We need to leave now (in order) to arrive on time. (because we want to arrive on time)
I’m saving money (in order) to travel around the world. (because I want to travel)
She came here (in order) to see you. (because she wants to see you)
I go to the gym (in order) to keep fit. (because I want to keep fit)
Básicamente así sabremos cuál es la diferencia entre to y for en inglés, tendremos que distinguir si nos referimos a la finalidad (para qué) o al motivo (por qué). Hay otros usos de to y for pero quizá no sean tan confusos.
Otros usos de to & for
For
I made a cake for her.
This phone call is for you.
I bought this toy for my dog.
Can you open the door for me please?
I was waiting for her at the restaurant.
We’ve lived here for 5 years. (period of time)
I have worked with them for 2 years. (period of time)
Are you for or against renewable energy? (agree with)
I was in London for a conference. (reason)
Let’s go out for a drink. (reason)
To
They went to Paris last year. (destination)
She’s going to Cambridge with her class. (destination)
What is the next train to the city centre? (destination)
I prefer series to films. (comparing)
We prefer running to swimming. (comparing)
It’s ten to seven. (telling the time)
From here to the office I must walk 20 minutes. (distance)
There’s a parking lot next to our building. (place)
Pues ya tienes el truco para saber cuál es la diferencia entre to y for en inglés. A partir de ahora antes de decir for to + verbo piensa si es mejor usar uno o otro en la frase que estás construyendo.
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